A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven

ZHAO Hao; JI Fei; LI Jie; LIANG Yaokun; YU Hua; WEN Miaowen

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234

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A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven

Topic: Technologies for Underwater Communication Networks | 更新时间：2025-11-06

- A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven
- Telecommunications Science Vol. 41, Issue 10, Pages: 13-28(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广州航海学院低空装备与智能控制学院，广东广州 510725
  2.自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510300
  3.华南理工大学电子与信息学院，广东广州 510641
  4.广东金融学院大数据与人工智能学院，广东清远 511510
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62401167;62192712)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234
  CLC： TN911.5
- Received：30 June 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-23，
  
  Accepted：24 September 2025，
  
  Published：20 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵昊,季飞,李杰等.水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动[J].电信科学,2025,41(10):13-28.

ZHAO Hao,JI Fei,LI Jie,et al.A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(10):13-28.
赵昊,季飞,李杰等.水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动[J].电信科学,2025,41(10):13-28. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234.

ZHAO Hao,JI Fei,LI Jie,et al.A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(10):13-28. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234.

摘要

水声通信是目前唯一的中远程水下无线数据传输技术。水下声信道窄带宽、高时延扩展、强多径、高动态、大噪声等固有的水声物理特性使得水声信道成为复杂的信道之一。水声通信物理层关键技术包括信道建模、调制技术、信道估计、信道均衡等。随着数据驱动技术的发展，基于数据驱动的深度学习算法在水声场景取得良好效果。对水声通信物理层关键技术研究进展进行了概述，并针对数据驱动的接收机方法进行归纳，最后总结水声通信的国内外主要研究方向，并对水声通信技术进行展望。

Abstract

Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication is currently the only medium and long-range underwater wireless data transmission technology. The inherent physical characteristics of UWA channels

such as narrow bandwidth

high delay extension

harsh multipath

high dynamism

and loud noise

make UWA channels one of the complex channels. The key technologies of the physical layer in UWA communication include channel modeling

modulation techniques

channel estimation

and channel equalization. With the development of the data-driven approach

data-driven enhanced deep learning algorithms have achieved excellent results in UWA scenarios. An overview of the research progress in key technologies of the physical layer for UWA communication was provided. The data-driven receiver methods were summarized. Finally

the main domestic and foreign research directions of underwater acoustic communication were concluded

and the prospects of UWA communication technology were discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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