Super-resolution channel estimation based on ANM continuous-domain sparse recovery in OFDM-PLC system

Liu Yan; Zhu Enguo; Zheng Guoquan

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2026041

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Super-resolution channel estimation based on ANM continuous-domain sparse recovery in OFDM-PLC system

Research and Development | 更新时间：2026-04-08

- Super-resolution channel estimation based on ANM continuous-domain sparse recovery in OFDM-PLC system
- Telecommunications Science Vol. 42, Issue 3, Pages: 136-145(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The State Grid Science and Technology Project(5700-202455278A-1-1-ZN)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2026041
  CLC： TN911.7;TP393
- Received：04 September 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-09，
  
  Accepted：11 November 2025，
  
  Published：20 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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刘岩,祝恩国,郑国权.OFDM-PLC系统中基于ANM连续域稀疏恢复的超分辨率信道估计[J].电信科学,2026,42(03):136-145.

Liu Yan,Zhu Enguo,Zheng Guoquan.Super-resolution channel estimation based on ANM continuous-domain sparse recovery in OFDM-PLC system[J].Telecommunications Science,2026,42(03):136-145.
刘岩,祝恩国,郑国权.OFDM-PLC系统中基于ANM连续域稀疏恢复的超分辨率信道估计[J].电信科学,2026,42(03):136-145. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2026041.

Liu Yan,Zhu Enguo,Zheng Guoquan.Super-resolution channel estimation based on ANM continuous-domain sparse recovery in OFDM-PLC system[J].Telecommunications Science,2026,42(03):136-145. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2026041.

摘要

随着智能电网发展，电力线通信（power line communication，PLC）面临业务数据量激增与传输速率提升的挑战，高精度信道估计成为提升通信性能的关键。传统压缩感知方法依赖离散化字典，存在基不匹配问题，限制多径时延分辨率。针对电力线信道多径效应显著的特征，提出一种连续域稀疏恢复信道估计框架。该框架利用正交频分复用（orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM）系统子载波频率的等差特性，将多径时延映射为范德蒙德矩阵结构的频域响应，实现稀疏表示；采用原子范数最小化（atomic norm minimization，ANM）算法在连续参数空间求解，避免离散网格误差，显著提高时延分辨率；结合电力线信道指数衰减规律，通过频域衰减因子解析推导多径权重，完成信道响应闭式重构。仿真表明，该方法时延分辨率达到超分辨性能，较正交匹配追踪（orthogonal matching pursuit，OMP）等算法优势显著。

Abstract

With the development of smart grids

power line communication (PLC) faces challenges such as surging service data and increasing transmission rates

making high-precision channel estimation crucial for enhancing communication performance. Traditional compressed sensing methods rely on discretized dictionaries

which suffer from basis mismatch issues that limit multipath delay resolution. Addressing the significant multipath effects characteristic of power line channels

a continuous-domain sparse recovery framework for channel estimation was proposed. Leveraging the uniform spacing of subcarrier frequencies in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems

the framework mapped multipath delays into a frequency-domain response with a Vandermonde matrix structure

achieving sparse representation. The atomic norm minimization (ANM) algorithm was employed to solve the problem in the continuous parameter space

avoiding discrete grid errors and significantly improving delay resolution. Combined with the exponential decay characteristic of power line channels

the multipath weights were derived analytically through frequency-domain attenuation factors

enabling closed-form reconstruction of the channel response. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed method achieves super-resolution performance in delay resolution

showing significant advantages over algorithms such as orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP).

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Keywords

references

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