High-Reliability and Low-Power Random Channel Access Algorithm for 230MHz Ultra-High Voltage Wireless Communication Systems

Hu Yanjie; Wang Zhen; Liu Ziquan; Hu Chengbo; Lu Yongling

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260154

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High-Reliability and Low-Power Random Channel Access Algorithm for 230MHz Ultra-High Voltage Wireless Communication Systems

更新时间：2026-06-23

- High-Reliability and Low-Power Random Channel Access Algorithm for 230MHz Ultra-High Voltage Wireless Communication Systems
- Telecommunications Science (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，江苏南京 211103
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFB3213400)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260154
  CLC： TN929.5
- Received：09 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-04-13，
  
  Accepted：23 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Hu Yanjie, Wang Zhen, Liu Ziquan, et al. High-Reliability and Low-Power Random Channel Access Algorithm for 230MHz Ultra-High Voltage Wireless Communication Systems[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026.
DOI：

Hu Yanjie, Wang Zhen, Liu Ziquan, et al. High-Reliability and Low-Power Random Channel Access Algorithm for 230MHz Ultra-High Voltage Wireless Communication Systems[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260154.

摘要

针对特高压变电站内230MHz电力无线通信系统终端密集部署、告警业务突发并发、终端低功耗需求突出的问题，提出一种物理层调制感知的高可靠低功耗随机信道接入算法。该算法突破传统媒体接入控制（Medium Access Control

MAC）层与物理层解耦设计的局限，将调制方式差异纳入接入控制与资源分配，实现跨层协同优化，适配变电站强电磁干扰环境下的多业务接入需求。首先，针对异构电力业务差异化需求，构建融合业务紧急度、终端能量状态、历史接入成功率及调制适配度的加权接入优先级模型；其次，在时隙ALOHA协议基础上引入分层随机接入机制，通过业务感知的发送概率调节与退避控制，提升高优先级业务的接入成功率、降低接入时延；进一步结合窄带调频（Narrowband Frequency Modulation

NB-FM）、正交频分复用（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

OFDM）、高斯频移键控（Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying

GFSK）的物理层特性，设计差异化资源分配策略，提升窄带频谱利用率；最后通过多状态能耗建模与周期性唤醒控制，将能耗约束嵌入接入决策，实现终端长期平均能耗最小化。仿真结果表明，与基准算法相比，所提方法在高终端密度场景下显著提升了告警与控制类业务的接入成功率和信道利用率，同时有效降低了终端平均能耗，具备良好的工程适用性。

Abstract

In 230MHz wireless communication systems for ultra-high voltage (UHV) substations

dense terminal deployment

bursty alarm traffic

and stringent low-power requirements pose key challenges to random access design. This paper proposes a modulation-aware high-reliability and low-power random channel access algorithm. Unlike conventional decoupled designs between MAC and physical layers

it incorporates modulation characteristics into access control and resource allocation

realizing cross-layer collaborative optimization for strong electromagnetic interference environments. First

a weighted access priority model is established integrating service urgency

residual energy

historical access success rate

and modulation adaptability for heterogeneous services. Second

a hierarchical random access mechanism based on slotted ALOHA is proposed

with service-aware transmission probability adjustment and backoff control to improve access performance of high-priority services. Furthermore

differentiated time-domain and time-frequency hybrid resource allocation strategies are designed based on the characteristics of NB-FM

OFDM and GFSK

to enhance channel utilization under narrowband spectrum constraints. Finally

energy constraints are explicitly embedded into access decision-making via multi-state energy consumption modeling and periodic wake-up control

to minimize long-term average energy consumption while meeting reliability and latency requirements. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms baseline schemes in access success rate

channel utilization and energy efficiency in high-density UHV substation scenarios.

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references

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