A Survey on 6G O-RAN Based on Explainable AI

LIAO Yong; YANG Shanyun

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260181

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A Survey on 6G O-RAN Based on Explainable AI

更新时间：2026-06-24

- A Survey on 6G O-RAN Based on Explainable AI
- Telecommunications Science (2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  重庆大学微电子与通信工程学院，重庆 400044
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260181
  CLC： A
- Received：19 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-05-20，
  
  Accepted：01 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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LIAO Yong, YANG Shanyun. A Survey on 6G O-RAN Based on Explainable AI[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026.
DOI：

LIAO Yong, YANG Shanyun. A Survey on 6G O-RAN Based on Explainable AI[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260181.

摘要

面向第六代移动通信技术（Sixth Generation Mobile Communication，6G）的开放式无线接入网络（Open Radio Access Network，O-RAN）智能自治演进中，高度依赖的人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，AI）黑盒特性与透明决策需求存在矛盾。可解释人工智能（eXplainable AI，XAI）深度融合是打破黑盒、实现透明决策及构建可信自治网络的核心。本文综述XAI在6G O-RAN中的研究，提出多层级融合部署框架与应用路径：阐述O-RAN架构与XAI部署逻辑；围绕无线资源管理、网络切片运维、网络安全增强、智能协作与零接触运维，分析XAI实现路径与典型应用；探讨解释计算开销与实时性矛盾、评估标准匮乏、接口协同限制及隐私风险等技术挑战；展望轻量化XAI算法、神经符号因果推理模型、闭环自治机制及跨学科方法融合等趋势，为构建智能、透明、安全的6G可信自治网络提供参考。

Abstract

As the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) for Sixth Generation mobile communication technology (6G) evolves toward intelligent autonomy

the "black-box" nature of highly relied-upon Artificial Intelligence (AI) models conflicts with the requirement for transparent and trustworthy decision-making. The deep integration of eXplainable AI (XAI) is essential to demystify this black-box

achieve transparent decision-making

and construct a trustworthy autonomous network. This paper provides a comprehensive review of XAI research in 6G O-RAN and proposes a multi-layer integrated deployment framework and roadmap: we expound on the O-RAN architecture and XAI deployment logic; analyze implementation paths and typical applications across radio resource management

network slicing

network security enhancement

intelligent collaboration

and zero-touch operation; discuss technical challenges

including the trade-off between explanation computational overhead and real-time requirements

the lack of unified evaluation standards

interface-induced coordination constraints

and data privacy risks; and explore future trends

such as lightweight XAI algorithms

neuro-symbolic causal reasoning models

closed-loop autonomous mechanisms

and interdisciplinary integration

offering insights for constructing intelligent

transparent

and secure 6G trustworthy autonomous networks.

关键词

Keywords

references

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