基于联合损失函数和组合对比学习的语义嵌入方法

高晓欣; 陆谣; 孔祥茂; 刘玉玺; 邓伟; 杨淞皓

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025142

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基于联合损失函数和组合对比学习的语义嵌入方法

研究与开发 | 更新时间：2025-08-07

- 基于联合损失函数和组合对比学习的语义嵌入方法
- Semantic embedding via joint loss function and composite contrastive learning
- 电信科学 2025年41卷第7期页码：96-107
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京中电普华信息技术有限公司，北京 102209
  2.华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院，北京 102206
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "高晓欣（1983- ），女，北京中电普华信息技术有限公司工程师，主要研究方向为科研体系、标准数字化。" ]
  [ "陆谣（1997- ），女，北京中电普华信息技术有限公司助理工程师，主要研究方向为标准数字化。" ]
  [ "孔祥茂（1993- ），男，北京中电普华信息技术有限公司工程师，主要研究方向为标准数字化、电力数据分析。" ]
  [ "刘玉玺（1984- ），男，博士，北京中电普华信息技术有限公司正高级工程师，主要研究方向为数据模型、人工智能、数据分析、标准数字化。" ]
  [ "邓伟（1976- ），男，北京中电普华信息技术有限公司正高级工程师，主要研究方向为工业互联网、信息通信运营、标准数字化。" ]
  [ "杨淞皓（2001- ），男，华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为电力标准条款差异性分析。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国网总部科技项目(5700-202318834A-4-2-KJ)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025142
  中图分类号： TP183
- 收稿：2024-11-18，
  
  修回：2025-05-07，
  
  纸质出版：2025-07-20
- 稿件说明：
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高晓欣,陆谣,孔祥茂等.基于联合损失函数和组合对比学习的语义嵌入方法[J].电信科学,2025,41(07):96-107.

GAO Xiaoxin,LU Yao,KONG Xiangmao,et al.Semantic embedding via joint loss function and composite contrastive learning[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(07):96-107.
高晓欣,陆谣,孔祥茂等.基于联合损失函数和组合对比学习的语义嵌入方法[J].电信科学,2025,41(07):96-107. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025142.

GAO Xiaoxin,LU Yao,KONG Xiangmao,et al.Semantic embedding via joint loss function and composite contrastive learning[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(07):96-107. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025142.

摘要

对比学习在语义嵌入中表现出色，能够通过捕捉数据样本间的关系提升模型的表示能力。然而，其效果主要受正样本构建和目标函数选择的影响。正样本需要精心设计，以确保模型能有效识别有意义的相似性并减少噪声干扰。为此，提出一种新方法，通过拆分、编码、聚合和投射文本来构建正样本。文本被分解为片段，编码用于提取语义内容，聚合用于突出关系，最终投射到适合学习的语义空间。此外，设计了两种监督损失函数，与标准对比损失相辅相成，以增强语义空间的区分性，从而提升模型辨别能力。实验结果表明，该方法在2个公开数据集和1个私有数据集上表现出色，显著提升了语义嵌入质量，解决了对比学习的核心挑战，并为其在自然语言处理领域的进一步应用奠定了基础。

Abstract

Contrastive learning has shown excellent performance in semantic embeddings by capturing relationships between data samples to enhance model representation. However

its effectiveness largely depends on constructing positive samples and selecting appropriate objective functions. Positive samples must be carefully designed to ensure the model can identify meaningful similarities while reducing noise. To address this

a novel method that constructed positive samples by splitting

encoding

aggregating

and projecting text was proposed. The text was broken into segments

encoded to extract semantic content

aggregated to highlight relationships

and projected into a semantic space optimized for learning. Additionally

two supervised loss functions were designed

complementing the standard contrastive loss

to enhance the discriminability of the semantic space and thereby improve the model’s discrimination ability. The experimental results show that this method performes well on two public datasets and one private dataset

significantly improving the quality of semantic embedding

solving the core challenges of contrastive learning

and laying the foundation for further applications in the field of natural language processing.

关键词

Keywords

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