基于变分贝叶斯推断的XL-MIMO系统近场空间非平稳信道估计

许秋元; 曹海燕; 凌海坤; 许晟豪; 许芳敏

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX250623

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基于变分贝叶斯推断的XL-MIMO系统近场空间非平稳信道估计

研究与开发 | 更新时间：2026-07-21

- 基于变分贝叶斯推断的XL-MIMO系统近场空间非平稳信道估计
- Near-field spatially non-stationary channel estimation for XL-MIMO systems based on variational Bayesian inference
- 电信科学 2026年42卷第6期页码：131-144
- 作者机构：
  
  杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院，浙江杭州 310018
- 作者简介：
  
  许秋元（1999- ），男，杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为信道估计。
  曹海燕（1975- ），女，博士，杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院副教授，主要研究方向为信道编码、信道估计、能效优化等。
  凌海坤（2001- ），男，杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为毫米波大规模MIMO系统中的混合预编码。
  许晟豪（2000- ），男，杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为信道估计。
  许芳敏（1980− ），女，杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院讲师，主要研究方向为先进移动通信系统及其关键技术。
- 基金信息：
  
  浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y202351797)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX250623
  中图分类号： TN92
- 收稿：2025-10-24，
  
  修回：2026-01-07，
  
  录用：2026-01-21，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-21，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-20
- 稿件说明：
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许秋元,曹海燕,凌海坤等.基于变分贝叶斯推断的XL-MIMO系统近场空间非平稳信道估计[J].电信科学,2026,42(06):131-144.

Xu Qiuyuan,Cao Haiyan,Ling Haikun,et al.Near-field spatially non-stationary channel estimation for XL-MIMO systems based on variational Bayesian inference[J].Telecommunications Science,2026,42(06):131-144.
许秋元,曹海燕,凌海坤等.基于变分贝叶斯推断的XL-MIMO系统近场空间非平稳信道估计[J].电信科学,2026,42(06):131-144. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX250623.

Xu Qiuyuan,Cao Haiyan,Ling Haikun,et al.Near-field spatially non-stationary channel estimation for XL-MIMO systems based on variational Bayesian inference[J].Telecommunications Science,2026,42(06):131-144. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX250623.

摘要

针对XL-MIMO系统存在的近场效应和空间非平稳效应，提出了一种联合同步正交匹配追踪（simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit，SOMP）与变分贝叶斯推断（variational Bayesian inference，VBI）的无网格信道估计方案。首先，基于分组时间块码（group time block code，GTBC）提取各子阵列的接收信号，将整个天线阵列上的空间非平稳信道估计问题转化为各个子阵列上的空间平稳信道估计问题。然后，基于SOMP算法实现对各子阵列稀疏信道支撑集的获取。最后，利用获取的支撑集构造简化码本，并利用VBI迭代更新码本矩阵和复路径增益期望矩阵，实现各子阵列上的信道估计，进而获得整个阵列上的估计信道。仿真结果表明，与GP-SOMP算法、GP-SIGW算法相比，所提出的信道估计方案在信道估计的归一化均方误差（normalized mean square error，NMSE）上均有明显的性能提升。

Abstract

A gridless channel estimation scheme combining simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP) and variational Bayesian inference (VBI) was proposed to address the near-field effect and spatial non-stationary effect in XL-MIMO systems. Firstly

based on group time block code (GTBC)

the received signals of each subarray were extracted

and the spatial non-stationary channel estimation problem over the entire antenna array was transformed into a spatial stationary channel estimation problem for each subarray. Subsequently

the SOMP algorithm was employed to obtain the sparse channel support set for each subarray. Finally

a simplified codebook was constructed using the obtained support set

and the codebook matrix and the complex path gain expectation matrix were iteratively updated by means of VBI

enabling channel estimation for each subarray and thereby obtaining the estimated channel for the entire array. Simulation results demonstrate that

compared with the GP-SOMP and GP-SIGW algorithms

the proposed channel estimation scheme achieves significant performance improvement in terms of normalized mean square error (NMSE).

关键词

Keywords

references

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