水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动

赵昊; 季飞; 李杰; 梁耀坤; 余华; 温淼文

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234

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水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动

专题：水下通信网络技术 | 更新时间：2025-11-06

- 水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动
- A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven
- 电信科学 2025年41卷第10期页码：13-28
- 作者机构：
  
  1.广州航海学院低空装备与智能控制学院，广东广州 510725
  2.自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510300
  3.华南理工大学电子与信息学院，广东广州 510641
  4.广东金融学院大数据与人工智能学院，广东清远 511510
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "赵昊（1994- ），男，博士，广州航海学院低空装备与智能控制学院讲师，主要研究方向为水声通信、海洋物联网、空天地海一体化技术、深度学习在信号处理技术中的应用等。" ]
  [ "季飞（1970- ），女，华南理工大学电子与信息学院教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线通信与网络（包括高谱效与高能效通信技术、空天地一体化网络、传感器网络等）、目标探测与目标识别（包括网络化与分布式探测、通感一体化等）。" ]
  [ "李杰（1984- ），男，博士，华南理工大学电子与信息学院副教授，主要研究方向为阵列信号处理、机器/深度学习及其在无线/水声通信、水声探测等方面的应用。" ]
  [ "梁耀坤（1996- ），男，博士，广东金融学院大数据与人工智能学院讲师，主要研究方向为水声物理层通信、机器学习。" ]
  [ "余华（1973- ），男，华南理工大学电子与信息学院教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线通信、水声通信、海事通信物理层传输技术、空海地一体化网络、水下定位、水下探测、水声信号处理、遥控无人船编队路径规划与导航。" ]
  [ "温淼文（1987- ），男，华南理工大学电子与信息学院教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线通信。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(62401167;62192712)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234
  中图分类号： TN911.5
- 收稿：2025-06-30，
  
  修回：2025-09-23，
  
  录用：2025-09-24，
  
  纸质出版：2025-10-20
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵昊,季飞,李杰等.水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动[J].电信科学,2025,41(10):13-28.

ZHAO Hao,JI Fei,LI Jie,et al.A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(10):13-28.
赵昊,季飞,李杰等.水声通信物理层技术综述：从模型驱动到数据驱动[J].电信科学,2025,41(10):13-28. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234.

ZHAO Hao,JI Fei,LI Jie,et al.A review of physical layer technologies in underwater acoustic communications: from model-driven to data-driven[J].Telecommunications Science,2025,41(10):13-28. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2025234.

摘要

水声通信是目前唯一的中远程水下无线数据传输技术。水下声信道窄带宽、高时延扩展、强多径、高动态、大噪声等固有的水声物理特性使得水声信道成为复杂的信道之一。水声通信物理层关键技术包括信道建模、调制技术、信道估计、信道均衡等。随着数据驱动技术的发展，基于数据驱动的深度学习算法在水声场景取得良好效果。对水声通信物理层关键技术研究进展进行了概述，并针对数据驱动的接收机方法进行归纳，最后总结水声通信的国内外主要研究方向，并对水声通信技术进行展望。

Abstract

Underwater acoustic (UWA) communication is currently the only medium and long-range underwater wireless data transmission technology. The inherent physical characteristics of UWA channels

such as narrow bandwidth

high delay extension

harsh multipath

high dynamism

and loud noise

make UWA channels one of the complex channels. The key technologies of the physical layer in UWA communication include channel modeling

modulation techniques

channel estimation

and channel equalization. With the development of the data-driven approach

data-driven enhanced deep learning algorithms have achieved excellent results in UWA scenarios. An overview of the research progress in key technologies of the physical layer for UWA communication was provided. The data-driven receiver methods were summarized. Finally

the main domestic and foreign research directions of underwater acoustic communication were concluded

and the prospects of UWA communication technology were discussed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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