星载相控阵馈源反射面天线研究进展

苏昶玮; 贺连星; 张晨希; 刘成鑫

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260148

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星载相控阵馈源反射面天线研究进展

更新时间：2026-06-23

- 星载相控阵馈源反射面天线研究进展
- Research Progress of Spaceborne Reflector Antenna with Phased Array Feed
- 电信科学 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院，上海 201304
  2.上海科技大学，上海 201210
  3.中国科学院大学，北京 101408
- 作者简介：
  
  苏昶玮（2002-），男，中国科学院大学在读硕士，主要研究方向为星载相控阵馈源反射面天线理论设计。
  贺连星（1969-），男,博士,中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院/上海微小卫星工程中心, 正研级高级工程，师研究员,特聘教授，主要研究方向为新型星载天线。
  张晨希（1999-），男，上海科技大学在读硕士，主要研究方向为星载相控阵天线的理论和设计。
  刘成鑫（1997-），男，博士，中国科学院大学信息与通信工程专业博士研究生，主要研究方向为波导阵列天线技术，相控阵天线技术。
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院重点基金(KGFZD-145-23-14-03)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260148
  中图分类号： TN82
- 收稿：2026-03-04，
  
  修回：2026-05-25，
  
  录用：2026-06-23，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
苏昶玮, 贺连星, 张晨希, 等. 星载相控阵馈源反射面天线研究进展[J/OL]. 电信科学, 2026.

SU Changwei, HE Lianxing, ZHANG Chenxi, et al. Research Progress of Spaceborne Reflector Antenna with Phased Array Feed[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026.
苏昶玮, 贺连星, 张晨希, 等. 星载相控阵馈源反射面天线研究进展[J/OL]. 电信科学, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260148.

SU Changwei, HE Lianxing, ZHANG Chenxi, et al. Research Progress of Spaceborne Reflector Antenna with Phased Array Feed[J/OL]. Telecommunications Science, 2026. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.DXKX260148.

摘要

全球高通量卫星、高分辨率雷达与毫米波通信的发展对星载天线提出了高增益与敏捷扫描的双重严苛要求。单馈源反射面天线波束捷变能力受限，而直接辐射阵列成本与功耗高昂。相控阵馈电反射面天线（Reflector Antenna with Phased Array Feed

PAFR）作为混合体制应运而生，利用小型相控阵调控大口径反射面，在显著缩减阵列规模的前提下实现了高增益电子扫描与多波束生成。本文系统阐述了近三十年来PAFR技术的发展轨迹、核心理论突破和前沿应用。在回顾包括几何光学（Geometrical Optics

GO）与物理光学（Physical Optics

PO）相结合的渐近理论分析后，重点剖析了克服 PAFR 扫描损耗与视场限制的光学增强架构。针对标准抛物面离轴像差导致的有限电子扫描视场（±5°~10°）问题，综述了多变量参数匹配、共焦双反射面改善离轴性能，以及双曲率反射面等复杂曲面综合技术。此外，本文分析了 PAFR 在星载数字波束形成合成孔径雷达（Digital Beamforming Synthetic Aperture Radar

DBF-SAR）及卫星直播系统中的最新进展，并深入探讨了利用相控阵馈源作为波前传感器，对大型天线重力或热载荷形变进行实时测量与电子补偿的创新方案。最后，剖析了 PAFR 的核心工程瓶颈，并前瞻性展望了其在频空域物理拓展与软硬件协同闭环控制方向的发展趋势。

Abstract

The rapid development of high-throughput satellites

high-resolution radars

and millimeter-wave communications imposes stringent requirements for high gain and agile scanning on spaceborne antennas. Traditional single-feed reflectors lack beam agility

while Direct Radiating Arrays (DRAs) suffer from prohibitive costs and power consumption. The Phased Array Fed Reflector (PAFR) emerges as a hybrid architecture

manipulating a large-aperture reflector via a small-scale phased array feed

enabling high-gain electronic scanning with a significantly reduced array scale.

This paper systematically reviews the evolutionary trajectory

theoretical foundations

and frontier applications of PAFR technology. Following a review of asymptotic analysis combining Geometrical Optics (GO) and Physical Optics (PO)

the focus is placed on optical enhancement architectures designed to overcome scan loss and limited fields of view. To address the narrow electronic scan volume (±5°~10°) caused by off-axis aberrations of standard parabolic reflectors

this review highlights multivariable parameter matching

confocal dual-reflectors for off-axis improvement

and doubly curved reflector synthesis. Furthermore

the latest progress of PAFR in spaceborne DBF-SAR and direct broadcast satellite systems is analyzed

alongside innovative schemes utilizing PAFs as wavefront sensors for real-time measurement and electronic compensation of structural deformations. Finally

the core engineering bottlenecks of PAFR are analyzed

outlining future trends in frequency-spatial physical expansion and software-hardware synergistic closed-loop control.

关键词

Keywords

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