最新刊期
卷 41 ， 期 3 ， 2025
- 摘要：As a national strategic emerging industry, the low-altitude economy will usher in significant development opportunities. However, the infrastructure required for low-altitude activities, such as communication, sensing, and navigation, are not yet fully developed. 5G-A/6G integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology and Beidou integrated communication and navigation (ICAN) technology in low-altitude intelligent network were focused on, their key technologies and integration ideas, as well as their applications and future research directions in low-altitude economy were analyzed. Firstly, 5G-A/6G ISAC and Beidou ICAN technologies were introduced, and the integration of communication, sensing, and navigation technologies based on communication base stations were discussed. Secondly, the application scenarios of communication, sensing, navigation positioning, and timing technologies in low-altitude economy were studied. Finally, the future research directions of communication, sensing, and navigation technologies for low-altitude economic were discussed.关键词：low-altitude economy;BeiDou;ISAC;ICAN;communication-sensing-navigation integration;low-altitude intelligent network3603|4405|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been widely applied in monitoring and sensing tasks. However, the limited onboard computing resources of UAV constrain the efficient processing of sensing data. Moreover, overlapping observation areas in collaborative sensing introduce additional computational redundancy. Meanwhile, the highly dynamic network topology and fluctuating node resources significantly increase the complexity of resource coordination. To address these challenges, an intelligent resource scheduling scheme for UAV swarm collaborative sensing was proposed. Adaptive sensing mode selection, stepwise computation offloading, and competitive bandwidth allocation were integrated to achieve heterogeneous resource coordination across communication, sensing, and computation (CSC), thereby enhancing collaborative sensing efficiency. Furthermore, a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm with an attention mechanism was employed to solve the optimization problem, enabling agents to extract critical environmental features more effectively. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with benchmark schemes, the proposed scheme significantly reduces the execution time of sensing tasks while improving computational resource utilization.关键词：cooperative sensing;UAV swarm;resource scheduling;multi-agent reinforcement learning;attention mechanism1240|831|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：The deep collaboration between low earth orbit satellite (LEO) and low-altitude intelligent network (LAIN) in areas such as coverage, resource allocation, and network scheduling can significantly enhance the overall performance of low-altitude networks. LEO-assisted LAIN (LEO-LAIN) is gradually becoming an important direction for future advancements in communication and intelligent development. Focusing on the long-term goal of integrating the two, the current research status and challenges of LAIN technology were systematically sorted out, and the capability system of LEO-LAIN intelligent cooperative architecture was analyzed. A new LEO-LAIN intelligent cooperative architecture was proposed. Finally, the broad development prospects of LEO-LAIN were prospected.关键词：LEO;LAIN;intelligent cooperative architecture638|2240|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：In low-altitude intelligent networks, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) play a crucial role as aerial communication base stations, data relay nodes, and mobile network terminals. Leveraging their exceptional mobility and adaptability, UAV can extend network coverage and support a wide range of service applications. However, the challenges of dynamic network topology, constrained airspace resources, and diverse service demand pose significant difficulties in achieving efficient resource orchestration and management. To address these challenges, an end-to-end slicing approach for UAV network was introduced, enabling the construction of logical network architectures tailored to specific requirements. A cluster trajectory prediction model was developed to identify the positions of clustered access nodes, providing essential support for resource reservation and optimization in network slicing. Building on this, a dual time-scale resource management framework was proposed. At a larger time scale, the slice reconfiguration problem was transformed into a constrained optimization task by a nonlinear programming approach, maximizing overall slice efficiency and ensuring rational resource reservation. At a finer time scale, intra-slice resource scheduling strategies were implemented to meet the QoS requirements of specific services. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the communication performance of low-altitude dynamic intelligent networks. It enhances the adaptability and service quality of UAV network slicing in dynamic environments, offering effective support for resource management and service assurance in complex scenarios.关键词：UAV network;network slicing;resource reservation;dual time-scale427|999|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：To better ensure the performance of low-altitude networking, the antenna main lobe can be used to cover low-altitude. Compared to traditional ground networking scenarios, it faces interference challenges such as a large number of interfering cells, a wider range of interference impact, and high interference susceptibility. The layered characteristics of the low-altitude three-dimensional networking were analyzed, and its interference characteristics were revealed. Based on these characteristics, combined with the relationship of multi-cell triangular projection, a mathematically model was developed for the downlink interference in low-altitude networking with upward-tilted antennas. This model could obtain the performance of low-altitude coverage using only the angle of tilt and the relative position information between users and base stations, thereby simplifying the process of performance and interference analysis in low-altitude scenarios.关键词：low-altitude three-dimensional layered networking;low-altitude interference model;main serving cell and interference cell distribution373|669|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：As an important vehicle for the low-altitude economy, the flying cars play a crucial role in vigorously developing urban air mobility (UAM) and building an efficient low-altitude intelligent network. However, the high mobility of flying cars introduces instability in transmission links due to high-dynamic network changes. To address these challenges, a multipath intelligent transmission strategy was proposed to achieve efficient data transmission. Firstly, a multipath intelligent routing algorithm based on reinforcement learning was introduced, which was not only proven to effectively enhance routing efficiency and reduce routing latency but also capable of dynamically segmenting data packets according to different transmission requirements to adapt to changes in the physical environment. To further improve the adaptability of the routing algorithm to dynamic environments, an environmental validation mechanism was designed to evaluate the compatibility between current routing strategies and dynamic network, enabling self-adaptive adjustment of routing strategies during the transmission process. Simulation experiments demonstrate that, under various scenarios, the multipath intelligent routing strategy based on reinforcement learning (MIRSRL) effectively reduces end-to-end transmission delay while also increasing the probability of successful data recovery.关键词：flying car;multipath intelligent routing algorithm;dynamic network;reinforcement learning;urban air mobility359|602|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：Analyzing the research and application of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology in the industry, the self-transimit-self-receive sensing mode of base stations is a preferred choice for the deployment of ISAC networks in the current 5G-Advanced (5G-A) stage. Based on the self-transimit-self-receive sensing mode, the measurement accuracy of sensing features was utilized to define the sensing confidence metric, which was used as the combined weight for cooperative sensing data fusion. Then, a network architecture was provided with the distributed deployment of sensing functions. In accordance with the service characteristics of sensing for illegal targets and valid terminals respectively, the corresponding mobility management solutions were designed for distributed networks. For illegal targets, the establishment of anchor stations, selection of cooperative stations, and handover of anchor stations were all controlled and performed by the ISAC base stations. For valid terminals, the establishment of anchor stations and selection of cooperative stations were controlled and performed by the ISAC center, while the handover of anchor stations was controlled and implemented by the ISAC base stations.关键词：integrated sensing and communication;sensing confidence metric;distributed network;mobility management574|763|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：Low-altitude economy, as an emerging comprehensive economic form, is widely concerned. Great development potential and strategic value are demonstrated by the low-altitude economy in modern society. However, the development of low-altitude economy also faces with numerous challenges. At present, the coverage of low-altitude area by the ground network mainly relies on the upper sidelobes of the beam, and this coverage method is difficult to meet the requirements of three-dimensional and wide-area coverage of low-altitude area. In view of this, it is urgent to improve the coverage quality of the low-altitude network. In low-altitude economic activities, as a typical application tool, ensuring that UAV could achieve smooth network handover and stable access could become a key research topic. The 3.5 GHz frequency band was utilized to cover the low-altitude area, and two schemes, namely dual-carrier air-ground different-frequency and dual-carrier air-ground same-frequency, were proposed. Also, how to deploy during the vertical take-off and landing of UAV to ensure the stability of network access and the smoothness of handover was explored. The proposed schemes were verified and analyzed through field tests. Both schemes can improve the performance of low-altitude coverage. At the same time, network deployment suggestions are put forward for the vertical take-off and landing of UAV.关键词：low-altitude economy;wide-area coverage;unmanned aerial vehicle;vertical take-off and landing280|581|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：In the context of vehicle-to-cloud application server communication within the low-altitude economy, a novel vehicle-to-cloud anonymous authentication protocol named PEKE was proposed, which was based on PUF-ECC-Kerberos. The protocol was enhanced by incorporating physical unclonable function (PUF) and integrating the elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) public-key encryption algorithm to obtain vehicle pseudonyms. This enabled mutual anonymous authentication and key exchange between vehicles and cloud servers to be achieved. Through formal analysis using the Scyther tool, it was demonstrated that the PEKE protocol not only effectively resisted various security threats such as key leakage, masquerade attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, and reflection attacks, but also ensured the anonymity of vehicle communications in the low-altitude economy, providing robust security guarantees. Furthermore, performance analysis comparisons with other protocols reveal that the PEKE protocol exhibited significant advantages in terms of computational and communication overhead, effectively reducing communication latency and thereby enhancing the overall system efficiency.关键词：PUF;Kerberos;ECC algorithm;anonymous authentication;Internet of vehicles;low-altitude economy364|630|0更新时间：2025-04-24
Topic：Low-Altitude Intelligent Network & Low-Altitude Security
- 摘要：Due to the advantages in coverage and cost-effectiveness, low earth orbit satellites can provide supplemental coverage for terrestrial networks. Therefore, integrated satellite-terrestrial networks have emerged as a promising solution to achieve ubiquitous global connectivity. However, facing the challenges caused by the scarcity of spectrum resources and complex interference, effective interference management and spectrum sharing were the critical aspects of integrated satellite-terrestrial networks. Firstly, recent research progress and a comprehensive exploration of challenges for different interference scenarios were introduced. Then, to overcome the shortage of existing research, several potential and innovative technical solutions were presented, whose performance was verified by simulations. Finally, several potential future technical directions were discussed for integrated satellite-terrestrial networks.关键词：integrated satellite-terrestrial network;interference management;spectrum sharing862|1849|0更新时间：2025-04-24
Review
- 摘要：To address the modal adaptation and modal control issues in polymorphic network (PINet) for software for open networking in the cloud (SONiC) switch operating system, a SONiC network element control channel container called p4runtime-pins based on P4Runtime was proposed. It enabled multi-modal network element devices to support configuration of various network modal flow tables. In the p4runtime-pins container, a connection with the controller through the gRPC service module was established, a neighboring network element discovery algorithm for controller discovery of links was utilized, and a network element port update algorithm to resolve the issue of port changes in practical application environments was designed. Furthermore, to address the issue of poor support for flow table variations in the hardware forwarding processing unit of SONiC network element switches, the internal flow table dumping and gRPC network element proxy functionality was introduced in p4runtime-pins to facilitate the deployment of different network modal flow tables. Experimental results demonstrate that the p4runtime-pins container has low resource consumption, occupying only 1.70% of CPU and 0.45% of memory. Moreover, SONiC network element devices deployed with the p4runtime-pins container can accurately receive and configure flow table rules issued by the controller, with an only 0.027~0.037 s flow table configuration delay.关键词：PINet;white box switch;switch operating system;network element control channel292|758|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：The dynamic metasurface antenna (DMA) has become an innovative technology designed to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) for airborne platforms. However, its performance can be significantly impacted by platform jitter. To address the issue of random angular jitter in airborne DOA estimation, an anti-jitter DOA estimation algorithm based on DMA heterogeneous codebook cyclic Kalman filtering was proposed. Firstly, a scheme for addressing the nonlinearity in received data due to random angular jitter was proposed. This method transformed jitter-induced errors into linear components, facilitating the subsequent filtering of jitter components. Secondly, a heterogeneous codebook cycling scheme was proposed to ensure compatibility between received data and the Kalman filtering algorithm. This involved constructing identical DMA codewords over extended time scales, enabling the Kalman filter to leverage accumulated temporal information for jitter error identification and filtration. Finally, the data processed by the Kalman filter was restored to sparse signals using the atomic norm method. Furthermore, spatial spectrum estimation was performed using the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm based on Hankel matrix decomposition. The simulation results confirm that, under the exact signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, the proposed method improves the estimation accuracy by 48% compared to the traditional approach of averaging multiple estimates. It refines the estimation results to approximate the ideal jitter-free state.关键词：aerial platform;random jitter;DMA;DOA estimation230|416|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：The modeling of the regional ionosphere was implemented based on spherical harmonic functions, and the regional differential code bias (DCB) and total electron content (TEC) were calculated. To correct anomalies in vertical total electron content (VTEC) values at grid points, a sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT) correction method was proposed. Using dual-frequency observation data from six International GNSS Service (IGS) network stations, a regional ionospheric VTEC model was established, and the satellite inter-frequency DCB for one month were estimated. These estimates were compared with the products published by the ionosphere center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and an accuracy analysis was performed. The results show that all satellite DCB differences were within 0.42 ns, with 87.5% of the differences within 0.4 ns and 78.1% within 0.2 ns. The average deviation of the inter-frequency DCB was generally less than 0.4 ns, and the standard deviation (STD) of the estimated GPS satellite DCB sequence was less than 0.1 ns. A regional ionospheric model with a latitude and longitude range of 5°E～25°E and 40°N～60°N was established. The VTEC modeling results were compared with the GIM products released by CAS, showing that the overall time-point differences were within 4 TECU, with over 90% of regional differences within 2 TECU. The estimated results exhibit good consistency with the CAS products.关键词：differential code bias;TEC estimation;ionospheric modeling;SUMT correction method222|427|0更新时间：2025-04-24
Research and Development
- 摘要：In order to predict and reduce the occurrence of complaints of mobile network users in advance, the application of multidimensional data analysis in the prediction of potential complaints of mobile network users was deeply studied. By collecting a wide range of business domain and operation domain indicators of mobile network users as input feature data, a potential complaint user prediction model based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) was successfully constructed, which had an average prediction accuracy of 96.35% on the test set. At the same time, the recursive feature augmented XGBoost (RFA-XGBoost) prediction model was proposed for the prediction of potential complaint users. By iteratively adding the predicted output of the previous round of XGBoost model to the feature set as a new feature and retraining the new round of XGBoost model, the average prediction accuracy after optimization could be improved to 98.89%. For mobile network operators, the research results mean that they can identify and intervene in potential complaints earlier, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of complaints and further improve user satisfaction and service quality, which has important practical significance and commercial value.关键词：prediction of potential complaint users;machine learning;XGBoost;data mining317|661|0更新时间：2025-04-24
- 摘要：With the rapid development of smart grid construction in China at present, there is a higher demand for diversified and intelligent video monitoring systems in substations. A multi-target intelligent tracking method for substation video surveillance based on YOLO v8 algorithm was proposed to address the issue of insufficient accuracy in identifying personnel, vehicles, and abnormal intrusions using existing substation video surveillance cameras. Firstly, the YOLO v8 algorithm was used to monitor the substation targets, and the sampling algorithm was used to increase the receptive field and improve the data feature fusion ability. The attention mechanism was used to identify small distant targets. Then, based on Kalman filter and substation camera motion stabilization, the information monitored by YOLO v8 was input into the BoTSORT algorithm to achieve intelligent tracking of substation video monitoring targets in multiple scenes and targets. Finally, experimental verification shows that compared to the YOLO v5 and YOLO v7 algorithms, the average accuracy of target recognition proposed has been improved by 9.73 percent and 5.28 percent, respectively, and the accuracy of target tracking has been improved by 12.34 percent and 8.41 percent, respectively. This has improved the intelligence level of the substation video monitoring system.关键词：substation video monitoring system;YOLO v8 algorithm;multi-target intelligent tracking;attention mechanism;Kalman filter365|445|0更新时间：2025-04-24
Engineering and Application
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