最新刊期
卷 41 ， 期 12 ， 2025
- 摘要：With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technologies such as large-scale models, constructing ultra-large-scale intelligent computing clusters has become an imperative. However, China faces three core challenges in building such infrastructure: shortages of NVIDIA GPUs, prohibitively high costs of computing resources, and their chronic underutilization. Given the immaturity of domestic computing solutions relative to NVIDIA's established product and technological ecosystem, three critical technical challenges for intelligent computing cluster networks upon adopting domestic alternatives were systematically analyzed: enhancing interconnectivity capabilities within domestic computing clusters; improving data transmission efficiency across intelligent computing networks; and strengthening network availability guarantees. To address these challenges, an in-depth examination of existing technical approaches and solutions was conducted, spanning from network architecture and network devices to communication protocols and network fault tolerance. Drawing on practical cluster deployment experience, the future development trajectories toward building an autonomous, controllable, efficient, and reliable intelligent computing network infrastructure were further outlined. The theoretical foundations and practical references for large-scale domestic computing cluster construction were provided.关键词：intelligent computing cluster network;domestic computing power;network architecture;network device;transmission protocol;collective communication6538|4079|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), as important carriers, have seen their path planning technology play a key role in ensuring flight safety and improving mission efficiency. Based on low-altitude airspace structure, typical application scenarios, and mission requirements, UAV path planning strategies were divided into three categories: global, local, and hybrid. Their technical characteristics and mission adaptability were systematically reviewed and analyzed, while a comparative evaluation was conducted from the perspectives of computational complexity and environmental dynamics. Furthermore, the evolutionary process and key mechanisms (such as collaborative obstacle avoidance and online optimization) of path planning technologies were summarized. In light of the development needs of multi-source perception and communication coordination, future research directions and challenges in this field were identified, aiming to provide theoretical support and methodological references for enhancing UAVs flight safety in low-altitude economic applications.关键词：low-altitude economy;UAV;path planning;flight safety4474|5329|0更新时间：2026-01-08
Review
- 摘要：In large-scale heterogeneous communication networks, routing optimization involves complex demands such as high-dimensional state spaces, multiple constraints, and real-time dynamics. A quantum-classical hybrid computing paradigm, leveraging quantum superposition and entanglement, offers a promising pathway to efficiently address NP-hard routing problems. By analyzing representative routing scenarios, a modeling framework for quantum algorithms was outlined, and key technical obstacles in applying quantum approaches to network routing were systematically summarized. These include conflicts between structural constraints and model expressiveness, biases in multi-objective formulations and delayed responses, the trade-off between diversity and convergence in high-dimensional solution spaces, and limited generalization capability under dynamic conditions. To overcome these issues, several directions were proposed: algorithmic expressiveness was enhanced through improved structural modeling, evolutionary design, and integrated scheduling strategies; computational accuracy and responsiveness were improved via multi-objective optimization, modular decoupling, and tight quantum-classical interaction; convergence and diversity were balanced through hybrid architectural design, evolutionary policy adaptation, and structural constraint management; and adaptability and generalization in dynamic environments were boosted by incorporating meta-learning, task decomposition, and structural transfer techniques. Furthermore, the co-development of quantum algorithms and hardware architectures were advocated, paving the way for practical deployment of quantum computing in communication networks within the NISQ era.关键词：quantum computing;routing optimization;hybrid quantum computing;hybrid quantum-classical algorithm942|932|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：In view of the threat of quantum computing to traditional public key infrastructure, by analyzing the technical complementarity of quantum key distribution (QKD) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC), as well as the necessity for integrating these two technologies, A functional model for cryptographic infrastructure that integrates QKD and PQC was proposed, basic network elements and functional modules of the model was described and interface reference points were defined, and an application scenario for cross-domain encrypted calls between voice terminals belonging to different key management systems through a hybrid cryptographic system that integrates QKD and PQC was realized, which provides a strong support for telecom operators to improve the anti-quantum attack capabilities of their basic networks and telecom services.关键词：cryptographic infrastructure;quantum key distribution;post-quantum cryptography659|783|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：A security enhancement scheme based on post-quantum cryptography (PQC) was presented to address the security threats posed to cell broadcast systems in the quantum computing era. Firstly, the cell broadcast system and its security architecture were analyzed to identify potential vulnerabilities in a quantum computing environment. Subsequently, mainstream PQC digital signature algorithms were evaluated in terms of their security and performance characteristics. Three types of post-quantum digital certificate structures—pure post-quantum certificates, hybrid certificates, and composite certificates—were designed, and a key management mechanism, message transmission process, and message format extension scheme compatible with existing systems were proposed. Finally, the proposed scheme was experimentally validated from perspectives such as computational overhead, storage occupancy, and message length adaptability. The results demonstrate the deployment feasibility of the scheme, indicating that it could provide technical reference and an implementation path for the evolution of cell broadcast systems toward a post-quantum security architecture.关键词：cell broadcast;PQC;digital signature;digital certificate;quantum-resistant484|649|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Electric power service security evaluation methods, which are based on key usage rates, fail to meet the security evaluation requirements of power system integrated quantum key scheduling. An electric power service security evaluation method integrated with quantum key scheduling was proposed, addressing the limitations of single-metric evaluation approaches. Combined with electric power service structure and quantum key application strategies, the security protection level provided by the quantum key scheduling scheme was quantitatively analyzed. Power service message frame characteristics were used to quantify quantum key utilization efficiency. Subsequently, the security robustness of reused keys was evaluated by detecting information entropy variations during key reuse operations. Consequently, comprehensive security quantification for power service sets within quantum key update cycles was enabled by integration with service criticality metrics, significantly enhancing the security efficacy of quantum key scheduling architectures. According to the experimental results, the improved solution combined with this method brings a security benefit of 3.23%, while revealing the distinct security characteristics of electric power service. The experimental findings demonstrate the method’s reliability in quantifying security attributes of quantum key scheduling.关键词：electric power system;quantum key;electric power service security evaluation;quantum key scheduling;quantitative evaluation320|120|0更新时间：2026-01-08
Topic: Quantum Communication Technology
- 摘要：Under the existing layered network architecture, the transport layer is only able to provide undifferentiated end-to-end transmission services to upper-layer applications through inter-layer interfaces, lacking the capability to autonomously adjust according to application requirements and network conditions. To address this, the focus is on the adaptive optimization design of the transport layer for full-scenario applications, with the goal of enhancing the perception and coordination capabilities toward network and application transmission demands, was conducted, enabling the transport layer to provide more flexible and high-quality transmission services. Approaches for extending the transport layer’s ability to perceive application transmission requirements and network status were discussed. Based on this, an innovative adaptive transport layer framework with end-to-network coordination capability was proposed. This framework was designed to adaptively select and configure protocols based on application transmission needs and real-time network conditions, thereby improving the transport layer’s flexibility and adaptability in complex application scenarios and heterogeneous network environments. Ultimately, it was intended to better support and promote the development of new-generation communication systems and networks.关键词：transport layer protocol;self-adaptive;end-network-collaborative;TCP;UDP;QUIC155|267|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Log anomaly detection and fault association rule mining are critical components in modern system operation and maintenance, as well as fault diagnosis, playing a significant role in enhancing system reliability and reducing operational costs. To address the challenges posed by the increasing complexity and scale of systems, which traditional manual monitoring methods struggle to handle, a deep learning-based method for mining association rules from communication network logs was proposed. The method first extracted key information such as host IP addresses, timestamps, and fault types from communication network logs. Subsequently, it integrated multiple classic association rule algorithms to generate association rule labels, constructing a dataset and label set for the deep learning network. Subsequently, a hierarchical learning mechanism was introduced, and an efficient deep learning model was designed to train on the constructed dataset, resulting in a specialized deep learning network model for mining association relationships among communication network fault events. The experimental outcomes derived from the comprehensive GAIA log dataset underscore the pronounced superiority of the proposed method. It achieved an accuracy of 64.2%, representing a considerable enhancement of 190.5% over the FP-Growth algorithm’s performance of 22.1%, 46.9% over the Eclat algorithm’s 43.7%, and 70.7% over Quant Matrix Miner’s 37.6%. With respect to operational time, the method exhibited remarkable speed, requiring only 11 seconds for execution, thereby outpacing the FP-Growth algorithm by 138.2% and the graph neural network (GNN) by 195.0%, while maintaining a comparable processing velocity to the Apriori algorithm. Furthermore, the method demonstrated a well-balanced performance in key metrics including support (0.42) and confidence (0.75). This method provides a new tool for the intelligent mining of fault event association rules, offering practical value and promising application prospects.关键词：log;computer network;anomaly detection;association rule mining;deep learning;GPT network116|63|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been widely used in areas such as environmental monitoring, emergency rescue, and logistics delivery. As UAV increasingly engage in data collection and processing, the demand for privacy protection in such scenarios has become increasingly prominent. To address this issue, federated learning combined with homomorphic encryption has been adopted to enhance data security. However, under the constraints of limited computational and communication resources on UAV, the high resource overhead of such approaches becomes a major bottleneck for practical deployment. To this end, a selective homomorphic encryption scheme for privacy protection tailored to UAV scenarios was proposed. After each round of local training, the client evaluates the importance of model parameters based on gradient sensitivity was evaluated by client, and within the given communication and energy budget, dynamically a subset of parameters was selected with the highest “privacy gain” for encryption via a heuristic greedy algorithm. The scheme was implemented within a federated learning framework and simulated using the CKKS homomorphic encryption library. Experiments were conducted on the CIFAR-10 dataset using the SimpleCNN model, comparing five schemes: no encryption, full encryption, fixed-ratio MaskCrypt, DP-AvgFed scheme and the proposed dynamic budget scheme. Results show that the proposed method achieves a balanced trade-off between resource consumption and security. Compared to MaskCrypt, it achieves comparable privacy protection with approximately 10% lower resource overhead, demonstrating its feasibility and effectiveness in resource-constrained UAV scenarios.关键词：UAV;federated learning;homomorphic encryption;MaskCrypt method129|387|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Existing heterogeneous graph neural network algorithms primarily focus on node attribute information, utilizing attention mechanisms to distinguish node importance. However, such methods have limitations in capturing complete topological information and node feature diversity. To address these issues, a heterogeneous graph neural network algorithm based on topological information enhancement was proposed. Firstly, local topological information was incorporated, aggregating from a local perspective. Then, context sampling was combined with structural attention mechanisms to dynamically identify and weight aggregate key higher-order topological information. Finally, node heterogeneous information was preserved through feature space stacking technology and multi-head self-attention mechanisms were employed to cross-type aggregate node attributes, achieving the capture of complex semantics. Experimental results on multiple public datasets demonstrate that this method excels in capturing heterogeneous graph topological information and preserving node heterogeneous information. Compared to various baseline methods, in node classification tasks, the Macro-F1 metric is improved by an average of 0.52%~2.15%. In clustering tasks, the normalized mutual information (NMI) value is improved by an average of 1.26%~2.65%.关键词：heterogeneous graph;graph neural network;graph embedding;attention mechanism83|63|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Federated learning has effectively addressed the “data silo” issue caused by data privacy protection. To maintain the long-term operation of federated learning systems, it is necessary to attract high-quality data owners to participate in federated learning training through appropriate incentive programs. The focus of researches is on how to fairly evaluate the contribution of participants to the performance of the final federated learning model. The Shapley value is an important method for contribution assessment and has been widely applied. However, the computational complexity of Shapley values is particularly high, making it difficult to apply Shapley value in real-world scenarios. Many approximate Shapley value algorithms, such as guided trunction gradient Shapley (GTG-Shapley) that combines guided random sampling, gradient reconstruction of sub-models, and truncation mechanisms, can reduce computational complexity and yield approximate Shapley values that are very close to the accurate values. Such approximation algorithms make the application of Shapley value in real-world scenarios possible, but GTG-Shapley still has many shortcomings. Therefore, based on GTG-Shapley, a new approximate Shapley value algorithm called stratified weighted truncation and adaptive programming Shapley (SWTA-Shapley) was proposed. This algorithm replaced the guided random sampling in GTG-Shapley with a stratified combination method and optimized truncation to weighted truncation. At the same time, to further improve accuracy, adaptive programming method was combined to fully utilize the utility values of the truncated parts. Extensive experimental results show that, compared with GTG-Shapley, SWTA-Shapley can achieve higher computational efficiency in various scenarios and is more applicable to real-world situations.关键词：federated learning;Shapley value;contribution assessment;incentive mechanism;approximation method117|195|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：In geospatial cooperative communication architectures where unmanned aerial vehicles are employed as intermediate nodes, achieving efficient and secure identity authentication and key agreement is regarded as a critical issue for ensuring system reliability. To address the limitations of traditional batch authentication mechanisms—particularly their failure to handle invalid access requests from unauthorized user equipment and their insufficient error detection capability—an error-detectable batch authentication and key agreement protocol based on certificateless aggregate signatures was proposed. The protocol was designed to incorporate mutual identity authentication, key agreement mechanisms, and a group testing-based module for rapid identification of illegitimate access requests, thereby significantly enhancing authentication efficiency. For security analysis, the unforgeability of the protocol was proven under the random oracle model, and its security was verified using formal verification tools. Performance evaluations were conducted, demonstrating that the proposed scheme outperformed existing solutions in terms of communication overhead, computational cost, and error detection complexity. The results suggest that the protocol is well-suited for secure communication in large-scale UAV networks operating under resource-constrained environments.关键词：UAV network;certificateless aggregate signature;batch authentication;group testing72|73|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Aiming to enhance the robustness and modeling efficiency of speech enhancement technology in complex noisy environments, a novel speech enhancement network, DW-MambaUNet was proposed, which integrated depthwise separable convolution and a structured state space model. Built upon a U-Net architecture, the TF-Mamba module was incorporated to model global dependencies along both temporal and frequency paths, while the depthwise separable convolution enhanced local feature extraction. Effective multi-scale feature restoration and fine-grained enhancement of speech signals were enabled by this design. During the spectrogram reconstruction process, learnable Sigmoid and Arctan2 functions were used to separately optimize magnitude and phase outputs, significantly improving speech quality while maintaining a lightweight parameter count. Additionally, a dynamic weight adjustment strategy was introduced that adaptively balanced the importance of multi-task loss functions by leveraging smoothed loss history and PESQ-aware feedback, effectively alleviating convergence bottlenecks caused by fixed-weight schemes. Experimental results on the VoiceBank+DEMAND and TIMIT datasets demonstrate that the proposed DW-MambaUNet outperforms various mainstream speech enhancement models in terms of PESQ, STOI, and MOS metrics, particularly under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, showing strong enhancement performance and generalization ability. Ablation studies further confirm the effectiveness of the TF-Mamba module and DWConv structure in improving model performance. This study provides a novel perspective for the design of low-complexity and high-performance speech enhancement models, with both theoretical significance and practical value.关键词：speech enhancement;depthwise separable convolution;structured state space;dynamic weight adjustment;low signal-to-noise ratio82|104|0更新时间：2026-01-08
Research and Development
- 摘要：5G ATG has the advantages of ultra long distance and ultra high altitude coverage, and can be used in special industry scenarios. Due to its complex composition and unique application scenarios, the 5G ATG system has not accumulated effective data to summarize its technical feasibility over the years. Starting from this pain point issue, industry application technology solutions were firstly designed. Next, a real testing and verification environment was built to obtain first-hand 5G ATG system performance data for analysis. Finally, data was used to support the degree of cross slot interference that the integrated ground communication and sensing system caused to the 5G ATG system, and the industry problem of unbalanced polarization gain of phased array antennas was discovered.关键词：5G ATG;ultra-long-distance coverage;cross-slot interference94|126|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：The integration of high-penetration distributed photovoltaics introduces significant operational uncertainties, while complex snowflake-like topologies obscure fault propagation paths, jointly increasing distribution network vulnerability under compound cyber-physical faults. Traditional restoration strategies face challenges in coordinating dynamic load demands, distributed generation scheduling, and cross-domain couplings, constrained by static rules and computational limitations. To address this issue, a cyber-physical collaborative compound fault restoration strategy was proposed. Firstly, a multi-attribute dynamic decision-making model was constructed. The dynamic criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) evaluation method and cross-domain hybrid centrality indicators were adopted. Weights were adaptively allocated through a sliding time window to capture the spatio-temporal correlation characteristics between communication delays and power flow regulation behaviors controlled by the communication system. Secondly, a two-tier joint protection planning framework was established. The upper tier was collaboratively optimized the reinforcement and redundancy strategies under budget constraints to enhance system resilience, while the lower tier dynamically revised the operational safety boundaries. Finally, an enhanced Edmonds-Karp algorithm was designed. A potential difference-driven mechanism and a hybrid weight cut-set model were introduced, aiming to minimize the isolation cost and maximize the restoration flow. With the input being the cyber-physical coupled network state variables and the output being the optimal cut-sets and restoration paths, the fault isolation and restoration efficiency were effectively improved. IEEE case study simulations demonstrated that the proposed strategy significantly enhanced the restoration efficiency and system resilience in compound fault scenarios.关键词：distribution cyber-physical system;composite fault;cyber-physical collaboration;maximum flow-minimum cut;fault recovery74|928|0更新时间：2026-01-08
- 摘要：Frequency selection is the primary consideration and technical foundation for launching satellites for direct to cell-satellite communication. To this end, the frequency selection for such communication systems was analyzed and studied. The feasibility of using International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) frequencies for direct-to-cell satellite communication was analyzed from the perspectives of policy and international coordination. It then investigated the technical impacts, specifically inter-satellite intermodulation and satellite-to-ground interference, within the IMT frequency bands. By refining the frequency utilization plan, a highly reliable and available frequency selection approach was provided for various orbital applications of direct-to-cell satellite. This work is of great significance for accelerating the development of direct to cell-satellite systems.关键词：direct-to-cell satellite;IMT frequency;intermodulation interference;satellite-to-ground interference86|86|0更新时间：2026-01-08
Engineering and Application
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